Construction of a dual fluorescent reporter system for tracing horizontal transfer of mcr-1-carrying plasmid / 中华预防医学杂志

The green fluorescent reporter gene was inserted into the gene interval of polymyxin resistant mcr-1-carrying plasmid (pSH13G841) by homologous recombination of suicide plasmid. At the same time, E. coli J53 with red fluorescent reporter gene was constructed. Using the ability of spontaneous conjugation of drug resistant plasmid (pSH13G841), pSH13G841-GFP plasmid was transferred into J53 RFP bacteria to construct a double fluorescent labeled donor bacterium. The two light-emitting systems could stably and spontaneously express fluorescence without mutual interference. The dual fluorescence report system constructed can be used for visual tracing horizontal transfer of mcr-1-carrying plasmid, the subsequent model can study the colonization, transfer and prognosis of drug-resistant bacteria/drug-resistant genes mcr-1 by using mouse in vivo imaging technology.

Accuracy analysis of full-arch implant digital impressions when using a geometric feature / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the effect of adding a geometric feature on the accuracy of digital impressions obtained by intraoral scanners for implant restoration of edentulous jaw quantitatively. Methods: A dentiform model of the maxilla of completely edentulous arch with 6 implant analogs+scan bodies (No. 1-6) was selected as the reference model. Without geometric feature, the dentiform model was scanned by dental model scanner and repeated for 5 times as true value group. Before and after adding the geometric feature, the same operator used intraoral scanner A (Trios 3) and B (Aoralscan 2) to scan the dentiform model with the same scanning path. Each type of intraoral scanner scanned 10 times and ".stl " datas were obtained. The results were imported into reverse engineering software (Geomagic Studio 2015). The linear distances of center point of upper plane between sacn body 1 to 6 was calculated, denoted as D12, D13, D14, D15 and D16. Trueness was the absolute value subtracted from the measured value of the intraoral scanner groups and true value; precision was the absolute value of pairwise subtraction of the measured values in the intraoral scanner groups.The smaller the value, the better the accuracy or precision.With or without the feature, all scan data were statistically analyzed, and the effect of adding geometric feature on the trueness and precision of the two intraoral scanners were evaluated. Results: As for intraoral scanner A, with the feature in place, significant differences were found in D14, D15, D16 for tureness(t=2.66, 2.75, 2.95, P<0.05); the trueness for D16 decreased from (101.9±47.1) μm to (49.6±30.3) μm. On the other hand, with features on the edentulous area, the precision was significantly increased in D15 and D16 (U=378.00, 672.00, P<0.05); the precision for D15 decreased from 40.8 (45.1) μm to 13.1 (17.0) μm. As for intraoral scanner B, the trueness of D12, D13 and D14 after adding geometric features was significantly better than before (t=3.02, 2.66, U=22.00, P<0.05). With feature on the edentulous area, the trueness for D13 decreased from (116.6±41.2) μm to (70.8±35.5) μm. There was no statistical significance in the trueness of D15 and D16 with or without geometric feature (P>0.05), however, the precision of D15 and D16 after adding geometric feature was significantly better than before (U=702.00, 489.00,P<0.05). The precision of D16 decreased from 112.5 (124.7) μm to 35.9 (85.8) μm. Conclusions: The use of geometric feature in edentulous space improves the trueness and precision of the different principle intraoral scanners tested.

Antibiotic pretreatment on the efficacy of Clostridium butyricum in the treatment of dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis and the influence of intestinal microbiota / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum on colitis and intestinal microbiota in mice with or without antibiotic pretreatment. Methods:Thirty specific pathogen free BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the blank control group, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) group, antibiotic + DSS group, Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group, with 6 mice in each group. After the mice were pretreated with quadruple antibiotics (ampicillin 1 g/L, neomycin 1 g/L, metronidazole 1 g/L, and vancomycin 0.5 g/L) in normal drinking water for 30 d, the mice colitis model was induced with DSS. At the same time, the mice in Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotics+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were given 1×10 6colony-forming unit (CFU) Clostridium butyricum by gavage. The effect of Clostridium butyricum on mice with colitis was evaluated by disease activity index (DAI), colon length and histopathological score. The level of serum inflammatory factors was detected by enxyme linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of Clostridium butyricum on gut microbita in mice was determined by fecal 16S rRNA sequencing. Results:The general condition of mice of the blank control group were good, and their DAI scores fluctuated around 0. Since the fourth day after DSS drinking water was given, the mice of the DSS group showed signs of colitis such as weight loss, unformed stools and bloody stools. On the fourth day after intervention, the DAI score of Clostridium butyricum + DSS group was lower than that of DSS group (0.000±0.000 vs. 0.444±0.111), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=4.000, P=0.016 1). On the tenth and twelfth day after the intervention, the DAI scores of antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were both lower than those of antibiotic+ DSS group (0.000±0.000 vs. 1.111±0.222, 0.667±0.000 vs. 1.889±0.222), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.000 and 5.500, both P<0.05). The histopathological score of mice colon tissue of Clostridium butyricum + DSS group was lower than that of DSS group (2.50±1.73 vs. 5.50±1.00), and the histopathological score of mice colon tissue of antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group was lower than that of antibiotic+ DSS group (1.25±0.96 vs. 5.00±0.82), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.000 and 5.960, both P<0.05). The serum level of interleukin (IL)-1β Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group was higher than that of blank control group ((4.464±0.075) ng/L vs. (3.907±0.080) ng/L), the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group and antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum + DSS group were all lower than those of DSS group ((2.402±0.383) ng/L , (1.845±0.345) ng/L vs. (6.958±1.084) ng/L, (1.752±0.146) ng/L, (1.307±0.048) ng/L vs. (3.537±0.608) ng/L, (4.464±0.075) ng/L, (4.066±0.190) ng/L vs. (7.477±0.339) ng/L), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=5.005, 3.964, 4.495, 4.693, 6.294, 8.674 and 8.774 , all P<0.05). The results of 16S rRNA sequencing showed that there were a significantly large number of anti-inflammatory or short-chain fatty acid producing bacteria in the gut microbiota of mice intervened by Clostridium butyricum, among which the dominant bacteria genus in Clostridium butyricum + DSS group and antibiotic+ Colstridium butyicum+ DSS group were Mucispirillum (linear discriminant analysis (LDA)=3.667 log10, P=0.004) and Stenotrophomonas (LDA=2.778 log10, P=0.044). In the antibiotic+ Clostridium butyricum+ DSS group, the dominant bacteria genus were Peptococcus (LDA=2.685 log10, P=0.018), Butyricimonas (LDA=2.712 log10, P=0.011), Bilophila (LDA=3.204 log10, P=0.014), Intestinimonas (LDA=3.346 log10, P=0.010), Candidatus- Saccharimonas (LDA=3.363 log10, P=0.029), Desulfovibrio (LDA=3.402 log10, P=0.025), Oscillibacter (LDA=2.870 log10, P=0.019) and Akkermansia (LDA=4.031 log10, P=0.005). Conclusions:Clostridium butyricum can effectively improve colitis in mice and regulate the intestinal microbial structure of mice, whlie antibiotic pretreatment can strengthen its regulation of intestinal microbiota to and enhance the efficacy of Clostridium butyricum.

Content determination of five flavonoids in Tibetan medicine Rhododendron anthopogonoides by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) / 中国中药杂志

To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) method for five flavonoids in Rhododendron anthopogonoides and verify its feasibility and applicability in the medicinal materials of R. anthopogonoides. With hyperoside as the internal reference, relative correction factors(RCF) of rutin, quercetin, quercitrin and kaempferol were established by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis. RCFs were used to calculate the content of each component, system durability and relative retention time. Simultaneously, QAMS and external standard method(ESM) were used to determine the content of five flavonoids in 12 batches of R. anthopogonoides from different origins. The results were statistically analyzed to verify the accuracy and feasibility. The fingerprints and cluster analysis data of R. anthopogonoides analyzed and discussed differences among the batches. According to the results, the RCFs of rutin, quercetin, quercetin and kaempferol in R. anthopogonoides were 1.242 6, 0.990 5, 0.535 0, and 0.781 3, respectively. The RCFs represented a good reproducibility under different experimental conditions. Besides, there was no significant difference between QAMS and ESM. Besides, the fingerprint and cluster analysis data showed the consistency between the classification and with the origin distribution of the herbs. In conclusion, the QAMS method shows a good stability and accuracy in the quality control of R. anthopogonoides.

Characteristics of benign and malignant lesions of ampullary polyps and the accuracy of forceps biopsy / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To distinguish the endoscopic and clinical features of ampullary polyps, to investigate the endoscopic cancer risk factors of ampullary polyps based on the compared differences of benign lesions and adenocarcinoma, and to assess the accuracy of forceps biopsy.@*METHODS@#Authors retrospectively analyzed the data extracted from patients treated with endoscopic papillectomy (EP) from January 2009 to May 2019 in the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital. Endoscopic pictures and pathology reports were reevaluated and analyzed. Differences between benign and cancer groups were conducted.@*RESULTS@#In the study, 42 cases were involved, 35 to 83 years old, containing 83.3% older than 50 years old patients. The histological types were as follows, 2 for inflammatory polyps (4.8%), 1 for neuroendocrine tumor (2.4%), 1 for hyperplastic polyp (2.4%), 5 for grade Ⅰ adenoma (11.9%), 10 for grade Ⅱ adenoma (23.8%), 4 for grade Ⅲ adenoma (9.5%) and 19 for adenocarcinoma (45.2%), and 90.5% were adenoma or adenocarcinoma. The average age of benign group (inflammatory polyps and adenomas) was (56.7±9.2), which was significantly younger than that of adenocarcinoma group [(66.0±9.8), P=0.004]. Tumor diameter in adenocarcinoma group[(2.3±0.8) cm] was significantly larger than that in benign group[(1.6±0.6) cm, P=0.002]. Benign lesions only showed Yamada type Ⅰ(57.1%)and type Ⅱ(42.9%). The percentage of Yamada type Ⅰ (36.8%)and type Ⅱ(31.6%) in adenocarcinoma group was lower than that in benign group. Moreover, Yamada type Ⅲ (31.5%) was only found in the adenocarcinoma group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in Yamada types (P=0.046). Most of the benign lesions had clear boundary(18/21, 85.7%). The percentage of clear boundary in adenocarcinoma group (2/19, 10.5%) was significantly lower than that in the benign group (P < 0.001). No significant differences were investigated in color (P=0.353) and surface (P=0.324) between benign and adenocarcinoma lesions. Pooling age, lesion diameter, Yamada type and clear boundary into Logistic regression analysis, only age (OR=1.186, 95%CI 1.025-1.373, P=0.022) and clear boundary (OR=66.218, 95%CI 3.421-1 281.840, P=0.006) were the independent cancer risk factors. Only 2 (10.5%) in the 19 cancer patients had positive biopsy results before EP. As compared with post-EP, 55.3% (21/38) biopsies were under-estimated, including 17 (17/19, 89.5%) adenocarcinomas and 4 (4/10, 40%) grade Ⅱ adenomas.@*CONCLUSION@#adenoma and adenocarcinoma were the major histological type of ampullary po-lyps. Age and unclear boundary were the independent risk factors of ampullary adenocarcinoma. Forceps biopsy was not enough for ampullary polyp differentiation.

Application and analysis of endoscopic surgery in treating carpal tunnel syndrome / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of endoscopic treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) with subsynovial hyperplasia. Methods 37 cases (total 41 wrists) of CTS with subsynovial hyperplasia who accepted endoscopic treatment in our hospital were retrospectively analysised, all the transverse ligament of wrist were cutted off under endoscope and the hyperplastic subsynovial membrane arounding the superficial flexor tendon of finger. The changes of clinical symptoms and signs before and after operation were compared. Results According to Kelly classification, the overall excellent and good rate was 95.12%. After operation, the feel of numb and pain during night disappeared in all patients, the positive rate of Tinel and Phalen sign was both reduced to 2.44% (P < 0.05), and the mean value of two-point discrimination was reduced to (3.5 ± 0.9) mm. No serious complication occurred during treatment. Conclusion For the patients of CTS with subsynovial hyperplasia, to cut the transverse ligament tendon under endoscope and remove the subsynovial around the flexor tendon at the same time is a new and feasible surgical procedure with notable curative effect, which deserves clinical popularization.

Relationship between radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes of elderly patients with distal radius fractures / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the relationship between radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes of patients with distal radius fractures in elderly patients following conservative treatment, and find the important radiographic parameters with distal radius fractures in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2012 to May 2015, a retrospective analysis was performed of 45 elderly patients with distal radius fractures treated by conservative treatment, which including 17 males and 28 females with an average age of 64.49 years old from 60 to 89 years old. The imaging parameters were measured and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. The imaging parameters on the standard wrist joint X-ray picture were measured including metacarpal angle, the radius height, the ulna variation, the ulnar angle, and so on. The clinical effect of wrist joint was evaluated by Dienst score standard. Multiple factor linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the image parameters and the clinical efficacy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months with an average of 17.6 months. All fractures of the distal radius were healed. According to the Dienst evaluation, at the final follow-up the result was excellent in 27 cases, good in 10 cases, fair in 6 cases and poor in 2 cases. There was a significant correlation between the height of the radius, the angle of the palmar and the variation of the ulna and the function of the wrist joint in the imaging parameters. When the radius height more than 8.12 mm, the palmar angle more than -1.64 degree and the ulna variant less than 4.05 mm, the result of Dienst function was better.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The imaging parameters such as the radius height, the palmar angle and the ulna variation are related to the recovery of the clinical efficacy of the distal radius fractures in the elderly. The most important parameter is the radius height, which reminds the surgeon to pay special attention to the reduction of the radius fracture in the elderly.</p>

Research on the space environment characteristic and the development of the traditional village in China: Taking Pengzhuang in the northern Jiangsu province as an example

ABSTRACT Traditional villages in the northern Jiangsu province have a local character and history unique artistic style, traditional culture and art Jiangsu indispensable part. How to make achieving sustainable and harmonious for development in rural areas, it is a major problem currently in these places. In this paper, field research and theoretical analysis a multidisciplinary approach, the traditional villages of northern Jiangsu space environment features, including location and spatial pattern are elaborated, analyzed the current conditions of rural development. Then taking Pengzhuang Village in the northern Jiangsu as example, discuss the current situation as well as its architectural characteristics of the space environment group and architectural types. Discussing the necessity of architectural features traditional villages in Northern implementation of conservation is proposed as the main ecological environmental protection and rural development policy space. Beautiful traditional village development should be coordinated development of economic and social environment, especially in the process of our socialist new rural construction, village spatial patterns of Jiangsu for basic research has positive practical value and far-reaching historical significance.

Discovery and tracking source of the new subgroup of Chinese Francisella tularensis type B / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To perform laboratory diagnosis and tracking source of a suspected tularemia patient in Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A suspected tularemia patient was reported in Beijing city on July 19, 2012. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood sample of the patient, then general PCR and sequencing of amplicons were conducted using 3 specific genes (fopA, tul4 and 16S rRNA) Francisella tularensis (F.tularensis), and 2 genotyping primers (C1C4 and RD1). Two other laboratories repeated the PCR and sequencing of the fopA in parallel. At the same time, real-time PCR fluorescent ration was performed using 4 targets (fopA, ISFtul2, 23kDa, and tul4), and phylogenetic analysis was carried out using 11 canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 4 insertions or deletions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 3 specific genes were amplified positively, and sequenced fragments were 409, 407 and 1 053 bp, respectively. The patient was infected by F. tularensis comparing with the whole genome published. Next, amplicons of 151 and 924 bp were obtained by the 2 typing primers after sequencing, respectively. The segment lengths suggested that the patient was infected by the subsp. holarctica. All of the two other laboratories obtained positive data for the PCR and sequencing of the fopA. In addition, all the 4 targets tested positive by real-time PCR for F. tularensis. The Ct value of the fopA, ISFtul2, 23kDa and tul4 were 30, 25, 28, and 30, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the whole genome of this case was assigned to a known clade from Russia, which was subgroup B3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This case was confirmed to be a tularemia patient, and a new subgroup of F. tularensis type B was found in China.</p>

Genetic diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp.holarctica in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the genetic relationship between the Chinese and the foreign species of Francisella tularensis.Methods Based on our own findings and from the literature,17 SNP,4 INDEL,and 12 VNTR were selected for phylogenetic analysis on 39 strains of F.tularensis,including 10 strains of Chinese F.tularensis and 29 strains of foreign F.tularensis that had been sequenced and published.SNP-INDEL and MLVA were used for the separation and combination.Results Data from the combined analysis indicated that 3 strains of Chinese F.tularensis with Japanese FSC022 were assigned to B5;3 strains,with Swedish FSC200 to B1;3 strains with American OSU18 to B2 and 1 strain with French FTNF002-00,German F92,and American OR96246 to B4,respectively.10 strains of Chinese F.tularensis were assigned to 4 clades and the result demonstrated a wide diversity of F.tularensis subsp.holarctica in China.Conclusion A set of simple and robust typing tools for F.tularensis subsp.holarctica were established in this study.Based on the results,F.tularensis subsp.holarctica might have had its origins in Asia.

Effects of farnesoid X receptor agonist on adiponectin and its receptors / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of GW4064, a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist, on adiponectin and its receptors during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and on adiponectin receptors in HepG2 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mRNA expressions of FXR, PPARγ2, adiponectin, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 and the protein levels of adiponectin on days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes treated with GW4064 were detected by fluorescent real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. The mRNA expressions of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in HepG2 cells were also examined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after GW4064 treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mRNA expressions of FXR, PPARγ2, adiponectin, and AdipoR2 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and AdipoR2 in HepG2 cells treated with GW4064 was significantly increased compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The protein level of adiponectin was also significantly increased after GW4064 treatment. The expression of AdipoR1 in either 3T3-L1 preadipocytes or HepG2 cells showed no significant changes after GW4064 treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GW4064 can up-regulate the expressions of FXR, PPARγ2, adiponectin, AdipoR2 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and AdipoR2 in HepG2 cells. As adiponectin and its receptors are two important factors in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, FXR agonist may potentially produce therapeutic effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and can regulate adipocytes via up-regulating PPARγ during adipocyte differentiation.</p>

Effects of FXR agonist on leptin and OB-Rb / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of GW4064,one FXR agonist,on the leptin and OB-Rb during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and on the OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells. Methods The mRNA relative expression of leptin , OB-Rb and the protein of leptin on the day of 0 , 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes after interfered with GW4064 were detected by fluorescent real-time PCR and ELISA , respectively. Meanwhile , the mRNA relative expression of OB-Rb of HepG2 cells after treated with GW4064 0 h , 12 h,24 h,48 h were also examined. Results The mRNA relative expression of leptin in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells after treated with GW4064 were significantly increased compared with the controlgroup. Also, the protein level of leptin was similar with the mRNA expression. The all differences were statistically significance (P0.05). Conclusions GW4064 is able to upregulate the expression of leptin in the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and OB-Rb in the HepG2 cells. Now the role of leptin in the NAFLD is still unkown, however, the low expression of OB-Rb is related with the leptin resistance in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. So we hypothesize that FXR agonist may treat NAFLD through upreglating the expression of OB-Rb and improving leptin resistance.

Efficiently tracking of stem cells in vivo using different kinds of superparamagnetic iron oxide in swine with myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles have shown much promise as a means to visualize labeled cells using molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Micrometer-sized superparamagnetic iron oxide (MPIO) particles and nanometer-sized ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) are two kinds of SPIO widely used for monitoring stem cells migration. Here we compare the efficiency of two kinds of SPIO during the use of stem cells to treat acute myocardial infarction (AMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An AMI model in swine was created by 60 minutes of balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Two kinds of SPIO particles were used to track after intracoronary delivered 10(7) magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MR-MSCs). The distribution and migration of the MR-MSCs were assessed with the use of 3.0T MR scanner and then the results were confirmed by histological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MR-MSCs appeared as a local hypointense signal on T₂*-weighted MRI and there was a gradual loss of the signal intensity after intracoronary transplantation. All of the hypointense signals in the USPIO-labeled group were found on T₂*-weighted MRI, contrast to noise ratio (CNR) decreased in the MPIO-labeled group (16.07 ± 5.85 vs. 10.96 ± 1.34) and USPIO-labeled group (11.72 ± 1.27 vs. 10.03 ± 0.96) from 4 to 8 weeks after transplantation. However, the hypointense signals were not detected in MPIO-labeled group in two animals. MRI and the results were verified by histological examination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We demonstrated that two kinds of SPIO particles in vitro have similar labeling efficiency and viability. USPIO is more suitable for labeling stem cells when they are transplanted via a coronary route.</p>

Effects of intraprostatic injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on benign prostate hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of intraprostatic injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) on benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Models of BPH were established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by injection of testosterone propionate, and then divided into three BTX-A groups, injected with BTX-A into the ventral prostate at the doses of 5 U, 10 U and 20 U, a negative control group, injected with saline only, and a sham operation group, with 12 in each. The prostates of the animals were harvested at 2 or 4 weeks after the injection, their volumes and weights measured, histological changes examined by HE staining, and glandular and interstitial areas semi-quantified by the image analysis system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two rats died in the 20 U group within 3 days after BTX-A injection. Compared with the saline group, the 5 U, 10 U and 20 U BTX-A groups showed significant decreases in prostatic volume (P < 0.01, 0.01 and 0.05), weight, and glandular and interstitial areas as well as atrophic epithelia in the glandular tube at 2 weeks. These changes were lessened at 4 weeks, especially in the 5 U group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intraprostatic injection of BTX-A induces obvious atrophy and histological changes of the prostate, but meanwhile may potentially result in death at a large dose.</p>

Therapeutic effects of magnetically labeled mononuclear and mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in a swine myocardial infarction model assessed by magnetic resonance imaging / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effects of magnetically labeled mononuclear stem cells (MR-MNC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MR-MSC) transplantation in a swine acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model by MR imaging.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>AMI model was established in swines by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, 10(7) autologous MR-MSC (n = 7), MR-MNC (n = 6) or PBS (n = 6) were delivered via intracoronary infusion within 1 week after AMI [(4.8 +/- 1.3) days]. Changes of infarct size and cardiac function were assessed with the use of 3.0T MR scanner before AMI, at 1 and 8 weeks post AMI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Magnetically labeled stem cells could be identified in the region of AMI by cardiac MR imaging. Eight weeks post transplantation, infarct size was significantly reduced in MR-MSC transplantation group (8.5% +/- 0.5% vs. 24.7% +/- 3.1%, P < 0.05) and in MR-MNC transplantation (12.3% +/- 1.5% vs. 26.1% +/- 1.5%, P < 0.05) while infarct size remained unchanged in PBS group (P > 0.05) compared to values at 1 week post AMI, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was also significantly higher in MR-MSC transplantation group (56.9% +/- 1.3% vs. 40.7% +/- 2.0%, P < 0.05) and MR-MNC transplantation group (52.8% +/- 1.4% vs. 41.9% +/- 3.3%, P < 0.05) compared to LVEF at 1 week post AMI. LVEF increase was more significant in swines received MR-MSC transplantation than MR-MNC transplantation (16.2% +/- 1.2% vs. 10.9% +/- 3.0%, P < 0.05). Prussian blue staining identified stem cells in corresponding myocardial regions with as by MRI. Western blot analysis demonstrated that cardiac expressions of myosin heavy chain (MHC) in MR-MSC group (100.3 +/- 5.5) and in MR-MNCs group (95.5 +/- 4.2) were significantly higher than that in PBS group (75.7 +/- 5.7, P < 0.05), myocardial troponin T (cTNT) expression in MR-MSC group (124.0 +/- 5.8) and MR-MNC group (118.4 +/- 4.4) were also significantly higher than in PBS group (93.3 +/- 3.9, P < 0.05) while MMP2/TIMP1 ratios in MR-MSC group (0.6 +/- 0.1) and MR-MNC group (0.6 +/- 0.1) were significantly lower than that in PBS group (4.2 +/- 0.2, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Magnetically labeled MR-MSC and MR-MNC homed to heart post myocardial infarction and reduced infarct size, improved cardiac function. MR-MSC is superior to MR-MNC on improving cardiac function.</p>

Transplantation of magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in a swine myocardial infarction model / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation provides a new approach for myocardial repair. However, many important fundamental questions about MSCs transplantation remain unanswered. There is an urgent need to identify MSCs from the beating heart and analyze the efficacy of this new approach. This study aimed to localize the magnetically labeled MSCs (MR-MSCs) and monitor the restorative effects of MR-MSCs with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was created in swine by a balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cells were delivered via intracoronary infusion after myocardial infarction. Infarct size change and cardiac function were assessed with 3.0T MR scanner. The results were then confirmed by histological and western blot analysis. All statistical procedures were performed with Systat (SPSS version 12.01).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 26 swine were divided into four groups (sham-operated group, n=6; AMI group with PBS transplantation, n=6; labeled MSCs group, n=7; unlabeled MSCs group, n=7). MSCs, MR-MSCs (10(7) cells) or PBS were delivered by intracoronary injection after MI and serial cardiac MR imaging studies were performed at 0, 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation. MR imaging demonstrated MI size decreased after MSCs transplantation in labeled and unlabeled groups, however, increases were seen in the AMI group at 8 weeks after MI. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was slightly increased in the AMI group ((41.87+/-2.45)% vs (39.04+/-2.80)%, P>0.05), but significantly improved in the MR-MSCs group ((56.85+/-1.29)% vs (40.67+/-2.00)%, P<0.05) and unlabeled group ((55.38+/-1.07)% vs (41.78+/-2.08)%, P<0.05) at 8 weeks after treatment. MR-MSCs were further confirmed by Prussian blue and immunofluorescent staining. Western blot analysis demonstrated that there was an increased expression of cardiomyocyte markers such as myosin heavy chain and troponin T in the MSCs treatment groups and the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase 2 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 decreased in the labeled group and unlabeled group compared with the AMI group and sham-operated group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transplanted MR-MSCs can regenerate new myocardium and prevent remolding in an MI model at 2-month follow-up and represent a preferred method to better understand the mechanisms of stem cell therapy in future clinical studies.</p>